Researchers have already examined the relationship between the retinal nerve fibre layer and neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (Sepulcre et al, 2007; Grazioli et al, 2008), Parkinson’s disease (Inzelberg et al, 2004; Hajee et al, 2009) and Alzheimer’s disease (Meyer et al, 2006; Guo et al 2010). OCT imaging has previously been used in studying these diseases (Jindahra et al, 2010). Our research group is interested in exploring the relationship between retinal anatomy, cognitive function and other measures of neurological decline using OCT images included in UKBB. These OCT images will allow quantitative analysis of the spectrum of retinal and optic nerve anatomical features in the population. In generating quantitative data on, for example, retinal nerve fibre layer thickness, we will have significantly enhanced power to identify novel associations between ocular neuro-degeneration (i.e. glaucoma) and central neuro-degenerative states (i.e. dementia). If present, such an association might offer new methods of detecting and monitoring neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, and potentially new insights into aetiology